In Ghana, galamsey is a term employed to denote illicit, small-scale gold mining operations. Gold mining often entails the retrieval of gold from riverbeds and surface deposits using basic equipment and techniques, therefore resulting in adverse environmental and social impacts.

Galamsey is a significant manifestation of the failure of political, traditional, and security leadership and governance in Ghana. The rapid expansion of Galamsey has resulted in extensive damage to forests, farmlands, water bodies, and other natural resources, therefore endangering the health of people and the future of Ghana. A multitude of stakeholders are advocating for the elimination or standardisation of galamsey, together with the rehabilitation of deserted locations throughout the nation. Undoubtedly, previous attempts at implementing various governmental measures to combat illegal mining have shown to be ineffectual, given the increasing prevalence of galamsey operations.

The drivers of galamsey are deeply entrenched in poverty, inadequate legal structures, corruption, insufficient education, disputes over land ownership, worldwide demand for minerals, and migration from adjacent nations (Ebenezer Oboh, 2023).

An inherent obstacle is the lack of comprehensive understanding on the operational disposition of galamsey. Insufficient data exists regarding the operational categories, characteristics, and their respective environmental impacts, which are essential for a successful policy mitigation of the galamsey threat. An additional obstacle is the scarcity of data regarding the expenses associated with decommissioning and remediating the deteriorated facilities.

Many civil society organisations have accused the government of neglecting to address the issue of corruption in the battle and the involvement of politically exposed individuals in galamsey operations.

With around three months remaining until the general elections, the galamsey issue has emerged as a prominent topic of political discussion and a campaign issue, with the two main political parties embroiled in the customary game of assigning blame.

In order to effectively address the threat of galamsey, which has become a national security and safety concern, Ghana, as a sovereign nation, must recognize that the crucial factor for success is not the creation of new policies, but rather the political determination to rigorously enforce the current policies. As a nation, we must recognize that the battle against the galamesy threat requires unwavering dedication and resolve from our political leaders, chiefs, clergy, media experts, and other stakeholders to secure victory in this battle, regardless of the difficulties or barriers.

Some sustainable solutions

Therefore, Ghana must embrace a multifaceted strategy to tackle this intricate problem. Enhancing the capabilities of law enforcement authorities is of utmost importance in successfully controlling unlawful mining. Through the provision of sufficient resources, training, and technology, the government can augment their ability to properly implement mining laws and regulations.

Effective public awareness efforts are essential in enlightening communities about the detrimental consequences of illicit mining. By providing education to the public on the environmental, health, and economical ramifications. Ghana has the potential to cultivate a strong culture of accountability and promote the reporting of illicit mining operations.

It is imperative to actively involve the local populations and offer them alternate means of earning a living. Assistance for the advancement of sustainable alternatives, such as agriculture or lawful small-scale mining, might effectively decrease reliance on illicit mining activities.

In order to strengthen these endeavours, Ghana should meticulously examine and revise its mining legislation and regulations. The closure of loopholes that enable illicit mining activities will guarantee efficient deterrence. The effective implementation of stricter sanctions for wrongdoers and a legal structure that prioritises adherence are essential elements of this approach.

A broader approach

Comprehensive combat against illegal mining necessitates indispensable collaboration and international cooperation. In order to enhance the battle against illegal mining, it is imperative to engage in the sharing of best practices, information exchange, and coordination among government agencies, civil society organizations, and foreign partners.

Nevertheless, Ghana is currently at a crucial point where it has the chance to transform its mining industry and safeguard its natural resources for future successive generations.

By adopting sustainable solutions, Ghana may establish responsible mining methods that protect the environment, empower local populations, and stimulate economic development. Through collaborative endeavors of the government, society, and international partners, Ghana has the potential to achieve a promising future. This future will involve the preservation of its scenic landscapes and the promotion of harmonious coexistence between its people and the natural environment.